A record player is a self-contained device for playing vinyl records. Unlike a standalone turntable (which requires external amplification and speakers), a record player integrates the turntable mechanism, a built-in amplifier, and speakers into a single unit. This makes record players convenient for casual listeners who want to play vinyl without assembling a separate audio system.
The term "record player" is often used interchangeably with "turntable" in everyday conversation, but audio enthusiasts distinguish between them. A turntable is a component that needs a phono preamp, amplifier, and speakers to produce sound. A record player is the complete, self-contained package.
Modern record players range from affordable all-in-one units (like the Audio-Technica AT-LP60X) to premium integrated systems. For beginners, a decent record player with a built-in phono preamp and the option to connect external speakers is a solid starting point. As your collection grows, you can upgrade to a component turntable system for better sound quality.
Thomas Edison invented the phonograph (the first record player) in 1877. His first recording was him reciting "Mary Had a Little Lamb."